RESUMEN
Natto, a traditional Japanese fermented soybean food, is well known to be nutritious and beneficial for health. In this study, we examined whether natto impairs infection by viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as well as bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1). Interestingly, our results show that both SARS-CoV-2 and BHV-1 treated with a natto extract were fully inhibited infection to the cells. We also found that the glycoprotein D of BHV-1 was shown to be degraded by Western blot analysis and that a recombinant SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) was proteolytically degraded when incubated with the natto extract. In addition, RBD protein carrying a point mutation (UK variant N501Y) was also degraded by the natto extract. When the natto extract was heated at 100 °C for 10 min, the ability of both SARS-CoV-2 and BHV-1 to infect to the cells was restored. Consistent with the results of the heat inactivation, a serine protease inhibitor inhibited anti-BHV-1 activity caused by the natto extract. Thus, our findings provide the first evidence that the natto extract contains a protease(s) that inhibits viral infection through the proteolysis of the viral proteins.
Asunto(s)
Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19 , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , SARS-CoV-2/efectos de los fármacos , Alimentos de Soja , Glycine max/química , Animales , COVID-19/metabolismo , COVID-19/patología , COVID-19/virología , Bovinos , Células Cultivadas , Chlorocebus aethiops , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/metabolismo , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/patología , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/virología , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/efectos de los fármacos , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/aislamiento & purificación , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/patogenicidad , Humanos , Extractos Vegetales/química , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , SARS-CoV-2/patogenicidad , Proteínas Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Virales/metabolismoRESUMEN
Advances in viral detection in bovine respiratory disease (BRD) have resulted from advances in viral sequencing of respiratory tract samples. New viruses detected include influenza D virus, bovine coronavirus, bovine rhinitis A, bovine rhinitis B virus, and others. Serosurveys demonstrate widespread presence of some of these viruses in North American cattle. These viruses sometimes cause disease after animal challenge, and some have been found in BRD cases more frequently than in healthy cattle. Continued work is needed to develop reagents for identification of new viruses, to confirm their pathogenicity, and to determine whether vaccines have a place in their control.